Bone filler materials maybe serve serveral purposes in guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures:

- Support the membrance to avoid membrance collaps

- Act as scaffold for bone ingrowth from the recipient site

- Stimulate bone ingrowth from the repient site

- Supply a mechanical shield against pressure from the overlying soft tissues

- Protect the augmanted volume from resorption

Moreover, the clinical indications for using bone filler materials range from grafting minor peri-implant defects to the regeneration of large continuity defects.

Bone augmentation materials include:

- Autografts (bone fillers can be derived from the person being treated)

- Allografts (from a donor and used in another individual within the same species)

- Xenografts (consist of bone mineral derived from animals or bonelike minerals derived from calcifying carals or algae)

- Alloplastic materials (synthetically derived)

Autografts are still considered the gold standard in osseous reconstructive surgery

Autografts

Autograft may be havested from intraoral or extraoral donor sites such as: chin, mandibular body, iliac crest,...

Block bone is havested from iliac crest	Auto graft

Block Bone is havested from chin	Auto graft

Block Bone is havested from mandibular body	Autografts

CLINICAL CASE

Patient: A 40 years old man required replacement of the mandibular molar with an implant.

The mandibular molar was removed	Implant placement in bone defect site

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Auto block bone graft	And allograft

Primary wound closure	Bone graft is intergrate well

Before	After